Vitamin B12 is the only type of vitamin containing metal elements

Vitamin B12 also known as cobalamin, is the only type of vitamin containing metal elements, its family members mainly include: cyanobamide, serocobalamin, adenosine cobalamin and methylcobalamin four brothers, we talk about their differences and choice from different angles.

1. Different traits cyanobamide and hydroxycobalamin are dark red crystalline or crystalline powders, and the vitamin B12 injection often issued in hospital pharmacies refers to cyanobacteria, which is the most common vitamin B12 and is also commonly referred to as vitamin B12. Methylcobalamin is a bright red needle-like crystalline or crystalline powder, and adenosine cobalamin is a yellow-orange hexagonal crystallization, which turns crimson when exposed to air. Vitamin B12 The four brothers' injections are red. 

2. Clinically applied common Human body can only directly use two vitamins B12 - methylcobalamin and adenosine cobalt, the two active coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 in the body. Other cobalamins are converted into these two forms in the cell's organelles before they can be used by the body. Nevertheless, the four brothers functioned in much the same way, preventing and treating the anemia of giant young red blood cells and treating peripheral neurological diseases.

3. Differences in clinical applications "Dragons are nine sons, different", and the four brothers have their own unique features in clinical applications.

(1) Cyanobobate Cyanobobamide in the body needs to be converted into methylcobalamin and adenosine cobalt, its stability is the best, in the body's absorption rate is also ranked first in the four, although it can not be directly used by the human body, but its efficacy is no less than the direct use of adenosine cobalamin.

(2) Hydroxycobalamin hydrolytic serotonin is better, the metabolism in the urine is slow, so it is called long-acting cobalamin. Although its absorption speed is not as fast as cyanobamide and methylcobalamin, but it can reach a higher concentration in the eye, is conducive to the relief of visual fatigue and nutrition of the optic nerve, so it has a certain effect on tobacco toxicity amblyopia. In addition, serotonin can quickly bind to free cyanobene roots in aqueous solutions to produce non-toxic cyanobamide, so it has been approved by several countries for the treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning. Unfortunately, serotonin in China belongs to orphan drugs, market demand is small, research and development costs are high, few domestic pharmaceutical companies pay attention to.

(3) Methylcobalamin methylcobalamin in the human body absorption rate is second only to cyanobamide, and compared with other three brothers, it has a good transfer of nerve tissue, can promote nucleic acid - protein - fat metabolism, repair damaged nerve tissue, clinically on diabetes-induced neurological disorders, multiple neuritis and other peripheral neuropathy, especially numbness, pain and paralysis has obvious effects. In the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, the safety and efficacy of methylcobalamin clinical applications are better than adenosine cobalamin and cyanobamine. The 2013 Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy recommends that vitamin B supplementation can improve diabetic neuropathy, and methylcobalamin is recommended as an auxiliary treatment for neurotrophic repair therapy. Of the four brothers, it was not excessive to classify methylcobalamin as a nervous system drug.

(4) adenosine cobaltamine is used internationally as a biochemical reagent and test reagent, and only the Chinese Pharmacopeia has included it as a drug. Adenosine cobalt has been used in the Chinese market for many years and has the same effect as the other three brothers. Reference books include the division of adenosine cobalamin into blood system drugs, which can be used in addition to the treatment of hyper-cytoglobin anemia, anemia during pregnancy, and radiology and chemotherapy drugs caused by leukocyte reduction. Adenosine cobalamin can improve the content of hemoglobin in the body, improve anemia, the effect is obvious.

4. Cyanobacteria is the most stable of the four brothers' injections and is virtually non-degradable in general light. Methylcobalamin and adenosine cobalt amine see light instability, must strictly avoid light storage and use, it is best to avoid light push use to shorten the use of time. Therefore, the use of vitamin B12 injections must avoid light!

5. Drug interactions Cyanobamide, adenosine cobalt should not be mixed with chloramphenicol, vitamin K, vitamin C, glucose injection in the same solution. Many drugs can affect the absorption of four brothers in the intestines, such as potassium salt slow release preparations, amino glycoside antibiotics, amino salicylic acid and so on. Corynamine and anti-tumor drugs can inhibit the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, so it will reduce the anti-anemia effect of the four brothers. In summary, the function of the four brothers of the B12 family is basically the same and has its own characteristics, clinical selection needs to be selected according to the specific condition of the patient. Cyanobamide is the most common, can not be static injection is the key, serotonin demand is low, domestic orphan drugs. Methylcobalamin repair strong, the nervous system with more, adeno (glycoside) cobalt amines used in China, the treatment of anemia effect is good.